IVERMECTIN AS ADJUVANT TO HYDROXYCHOLOROQUINE IN PATIENTS RESISTANT TO STANDARD TREATMENT FOR SARS-CoV-2: RESULTS OF AN OPEN-LABEL RANDOMIZED CLINICAL STUDY
Abstract
A cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology was reported from the city of Wuhan, in the Hubei province of China, in December 2019. A novel coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the causative agent of the disease which was subsequently termed as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO). SARS-CoV-2 mainly affects the lower respiratory tract and manifests as pneumonia in humans.1
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet 2020;395:497–506. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
Who.int. 2020 [cited 27 May 2020]. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200526-covid-19-sitrep-127.pdf?sfvrsn=7b6655ab_8
Jiang F, Deng L, Zhang L, et al. Review of the Clinical Characteristics of Corona-virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). J GEN INTERN MED Published Online First: 4 March 2020. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05762-w.
Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. The Lancet 2020;395:1054–62. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3.
Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 2020;:NEJMoa2002032. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.
Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Pub-lished Online First: February 2020. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585.
Home care for patients with COVID-19 presenting with mild symptoms and man-agement of their contacts [Internet]. Who.int. 2020 [cited 27 May 2020]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/home-care-for-patients-with-suspected-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)-infection-presenting-with-mild-symptoms-and-management-of-contacts.
Colson P, Rolain J, Raoult D. Chloroquine for the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 2020;55(3):105923.
Colson P, Rolain JM, Lagier JC, Brouqui P, Raoult D. Chloroquine and hy-droxychloroquine as available weapons to fight COVID-19. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020
Revised Guidelines on Clinical Management of COVID – 19, Government of India Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Directorate General of Health Services (EMR Division) 31st march 2020. https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/RevisedNationalClinicalManagementGuidelineforCOVID1931032020.pdf
Caly L, Druce JD, Catton MG, Jans DA, Wagstaff KM. The FDA-approved drug ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Antiviral Res. 2020 Apr 3;178:104787. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104787. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32251768; PMCID: PMC7129059.
Patrì, A, Fabbrocini G. Hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin: A synergistic combina-tion for COVID-19 chemoprophylaxis and treatment? Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 82, Issue 6, e221.
Gotz, V., et al., 2016. Influenza A viruses escape from MxA restriction at the ex-pense of efficient nuclear vRNP import. Sci. Rep. 6, 23138.
Lundberg L, Pinkham C, Baer A, et al. Nuclear import and export inhibitors alter capsid protein distribution in mammalian cells and reduce Venezuelan Equine En-cephalitis Virus replication. Antiviral Res. 2013;100(3):662‐672. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.10.004
Tay, M.Y., et al., 2013. Nuclear localization of dengue virus (DENV) 1-4 non-structural protein 5; protection against all 4 DENV serotypes by the inhibitor Iver-mectin. Antivir. Res. 99 (3), 301–306.
Wagstaff, K.M., et al., 2012. Ivermectin is a specific inhibitor of importin al-pha/beta- mediated nuclear import able to inhibit replication of HIV-1 and dengue virus. Biochem. J. 443 (3), 851–856.
Ketkar H, Yang L, Wormser GP, Wang P. Lack of e cacy of ivermectin for preven-tion of a lethal Zika virus infection in a murine system. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 2019; 95(1): 38-40. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.03.012)
(Yavuz SS, Ünal S: Antiviral treatment of COVID-19. Turk J Med Sci. 2020, 50:611-619. 10.3906/sag-2004-145.
Search of: IVERMECTIN | COVID 19 - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Clinicaltrials.gov. 2020 [cited 27 May 2020]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=COVID+19&term=IVERMECTIN&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=.
Search Result,Clinical Trials Registry - India (CTRI) [Internet]. Ctri.nic.in. 2020 [cited 27 May 2020]. Available from: http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pubview2.php.
Bray M, Rayner C, Noël F, Jans D, Wagstaff K. Ivermectin and COVID-19: A re-port in Antiviral Research, widespread interest, an FDA warning, two letters to the editor and the authors' responses [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 21]. Antiviral Res. 2020;178:104805. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104805.
Smit M.R. Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics of High-Dose Ivermectin with Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine on Mosquitocidal Activity and QT-Prolongation (IVERMAL) ClinPharmacolTher. 2019;105(2):388–401.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.